Seymour Roger Cray (September 28, 1925 – October 5, 1996) was an American electrical engineer and supercomputer architect who designed a series of computers that were the fastest in the world for decades, and founded Cray Research which would build many of these machines. Seymour then went on to found SRC Computers (which still exists but flies very much under the radar) shortly before his untimely death.Cray Research is the company that was bought by SGI and later sold to Tera (which then renamed itself Cray Inc.).I worked for Cray Research from 1981-1989, went to work for Seymour in the Springs, went back to Cray Research when CCC folded, and then quit right before The Occupation (since it was readily apparent what was about to happen and I didn’t want to find myself caught in a mass layoff while moving from Colorado to Minnesota in January ;-) ).I recently left cray after nearly 10 years, and can tell you nothing is farther from the truth.Most of the staff in the Chippewa Falls factory and many in the Bloomington office have been with the company since before the SGI buyout.
In a story he told about himself, he realized early in his career that he should interlock the computers with the cooling systems so that the computers would not operate unless the cooling systems were operational. Tera bought the operations and IP from SGI in 2000, and while SGI essentially shredded any IP for (at the time) legacy products, employees were glad to see the end to what I’ve heard called the “dark days”. Hear from Steve Sibley, VP of Offering Management for IBM Power Systems about how IBM Power Systems can enable hybrid cloud environments that support “build once, deploy anywhere” options. I spent 3 hours in a meeting making a decision about the length of the wires in the back plane. To say that Seymour had the "big picture" would be an understatement. It was the first fully transistorized commercial computer — he had eliminated vacuum tubes.
His first machines were the CDC 160 (a low-power I/O processor) followed by the CDC 1604 (his first "mainframe"). It’s sad to hear that all the history was shredded, but nice to know that the company, and the people with all that unique engineering talent, survived. Before Steve Jobs, there was Seymour Cray – father of the supercomputer and regarded as something close to a God in the circles he moved in.Jobs’ Apple Computer is reputed to have bought one of Seymour’s massive machines back in the day: a Cray, to design the brand-new Macintosh personal computer.This would have been a significant moment for a man of Jobs' character, not prone to flattering the inventions or ideas of others. This also means they can be individually removed, serviced, re-tested, and replaced, without taking the whole wiring harness out. I can only guess how long it took to hook everything back up whenever one of these things was moved.It’s also apparent that the designers kind of knew they were building themselves into a dead-end corner.
Someone from HaD should do a piece on it if they happen to be passing through, as unlikely as that might be. While expensive, for those that needed the absolutely fastest computer available there was nothing else on the market that could compete.Computers should obey a square law — when the price doubles, you should get at least four times as much speed.During this period Cray had become increasingly annoyed at what he saw as interference from CDC management. It did not seem that there would be any way for them to afford to develop a new computer, given that the now-large CDC had been unable to support more than one. It was the first transistorized scientific computer, and more than 50 were built. It was sexy as hell, and became the must-have machine for big number-crunchers. Every single wire in the whole mess was the same length, so it was easy to carry spares, but routing and storing the slack could be quite the art!Screwing the ductwork covers on and watching the final test come back clean, no pinched conductors, no marginal failures, was always cause for celebration. The 8600 was running into similar difficulties and Cray eventually decided that the only solution was to start over fresh. Thus, there are hundreds of individual boards, filled with power (and cooling) hungry chips.The boards themselves are truncated wedges, on a heat plate, filling the racks horizontally. A second IC type (a slower 5/4 AND/NAND gate) was used in the memory for address fanout. The CDC 6600 was capable of 9 megaflops (million floating-point operations per second) of processing power and was cooled by Freon. The first supplier had little experience in SRAM and produced parts which performed poorly. The Cray 2 is still considered a win is it not? Silver plated, 1″ in diameter. The pointy end contains all the IO, gathered there to keep it closest to the rest of the boards, while the huge DC power rails form some of the “rackmount” structure on either side.
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