Since the First World War, administrators from the British Phosphate Commission (BPC) had overseen the extraction of the precious commodity from the island.
Categories "His wife wrote to the government after the war ... She really wanted something done about the bodies," Ms Billingham said of her grandmother Bertha.Now, 76 years on, these courageous Australians have been recognised in the Australian Bravery Awards.
Two-thirds of the population was deported to Truk, an atoll to the north, where one-third died of starvation and disease.
First, determined to control their own lives after having been pawns in a major war, they rejected the British Phosphate Commission's offer to relocate them.
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The island had some of the world's largest and highest quality deposits of phosphate, a key component in fertiliser, making it a strategically important resource on which agriculture in Australia and New Zealand depended.
In October 1967 an agreement granting Nauruan independence was concluded.
"The Nauruan government has got a say in it, our government has got a say in it, and we couldn't afford to stay there overnight; it's $1000 a night," he said.William Doyle, Dr Bernard Quin and Wilfred Shugg have also been posthumously named in a Group Bravery Citation. Nevertheless, the island played an important role in the campaigns of the Central Pacific. Nauru is an island country in Micronesia, a subregion of Oceania, in the Central Pacific.
The isolated island supplied a million tons of phosphate a year.
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Unprotected by the Australians, bombed by the Americans, tormented by the Japanese, and shunned by the Chuukese, the seeds of self-determination were planted.
Grandson says award is "long overdue".
Caroline Billingham grew up knowing that discussing the tragic fate of her grandfather was strictly taboo in her family.Early in 1942 western and Chinese civilians evacuated the tiny island of Nauru amid the outbreak of war in the Pacific.But Ms Billingham's grandfather Frederick Francis Harmer and four other courageous Australians were too concerned about the welfare of the island's indigenous population to leave.
Shortly after the arrival of the last military convoy, the Japanese called together a Nauruan council and made the announcement of the deportation of some of the islanders under the leadership of Following this departure, the Japanese committed what is considered their worst war crime on Nauru: the massacre of 39 On 11 September, the boat which was to be used to deport the remaining Nauruans arrived off the coast of the island, only to be destroyed by a torpedo from an American submarine.
"Against Japanese, with no back-up, just them, they didn't really have a hope in hell."
FIVE unsung Australians, including a Melbourne doctor, who were executed by the Japanese on Nauru during World War II have been posthumously honoured in … Aa . WW2DB site administrators reserve the right to moderate, censor, and/or remove any comment.
It was projected that Nauru’s primary deposits would be exhausted by the early years of the 21st century, and Nauru began to make preparations for the post-phosphate-mining era.
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